Humanities and Social Sciences are two major categories.

The Humanities (study the human condition by analytics) include the arts (music, theatre, studio /visual art), literature, languages, history, philosophy, religion, and the like.
The Social Sciences (study the human condition by empiricism) include anthropology, sociology, psychology, history, education, economics, geography, political science, and the like.

Candidates with social science degrees can opt for teaching positions. With the ongoing shortage of teachers, lecturers and professors in the country, this is an appealing career option for people who value giving back to the society while being in a respectable, stable salaried career.

Taking civil services exams and going into public service is a competitive arena that several students aspire. Having the foundation of subjects like history, geography, civics, etc. will help one be better equipped for the civil services competitive examinations. If you end up working for the government, a secure job is assured. Law is another successful career option for several students who come from humanities and social science backgrounds. For economics graduates, there are job prospects in the corporate sector, banking, NGOs, etc. With the increase in media and content management companies, there is an on-going need for journalists and writers who can express their opinions intelligently. Students with an arts background can further go on to become script writers, lyricists, language translators, linguists, interpreters, librarians, historians, museum curators, etc. The hospitality, travel and tourism industries are also fields that offer jobs for humanities students. Other popular fields for arts graduates are fashion design, interior design, footwear design, etc.

• After class 12th board exams, some of the predominant questions echoing in every Humanities/Arts student’s mind are: What do we do next? What are your prospective career options? Which courses should we apply for? So on and so forth.

Here, we try and answer these very questions and clear the mist of confusion clouding every student’s mind.

• Arts or Humanities is a very diverse stream and mainly deals with subjects like literature, Sociology, Psychology, Political Science etc. The career horizon for those who belong to this stream of study is limit less. Students can choose from a range of career options such as teaching, social work, law, politics, business, television, journalism etc.  

Also, the discipline has a lot to offer when it comes to undergraduate courses. Few of the popular courses students from the arts background can opt for are as follows:

B.A in Economics: This course is a specialized academic degree in the social sciences encompassing both literate and quantitative courses. Students from this field of specialization have a variety of career options to choose from, such as strategic pricing, cost analysis, marketing research, statistical forecasting. The main employers in this field are multi-national corporations, financial institutions, unions and government organizations.

B.A Political Science: This course deals with the study of state, nation, government, and politics and policies of government, at the international as well as international levels. Students are educated on topics such as economic conditions, world terrorism, international relations, environmental issues etc. Students from this course can carve a niche for themselves in the field of politics, international relations, social work/research etc.

B.A Sociology: This course deals with the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior. It is an appropriate discipline for anyone who wishes to pursue a career in social work, journalism, teaching, research etc. There is a demand for students from this field in many international organizations such as the United Nations as well as a wide range of NGOs and social work organizations prefer recruiting candidates with a Sociology background.

B.A Journalism: This course is for anyone and everyone who has the flair of weaving words into well written articles or the knack of verbal communication. In this course the student is exposed to subjects such as politics, social and economic issues, entertainment etc. The course not only opens the door to jobs in a number of media organizations, but also presents opportunities in the communications wing of many high eng business organizations.

B.A. Courses in Detail

Bachelor of Arts or BA in short, is an under-graduation degree that aims at giving students a professional foundation in the formal study of subjects like natural sciences, social sciences, and foreign languages. The following article will help you find out more about the BA course in terms of its duration, the subjects included, eligibility criteria and possible career pathways.

About the BA Course

Bachelor of Arts (BA) was once a very popular course among students preferring to pursue graduation to earn a professional degree. The versatility of this degree ensures inclusion of a variety of subjects and disciplines to suit the academic or creative bend of the student’s mind. The broad range of fields it covers makes it suitable to be pursued by student of any background. Be it natural sciences, social sciences, the liberal arts and humanities, or all. Although in recent times, the trend is to pursue BA in social sciences or liberal arts due to the increasing popularity of degrees with more scientific orientation like Bachelor of Science (BSc), Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech), or Bachelor of Engineering (BE).

Typically, the duration of the course in India is for three years with full time studying, split into six semesters. Each academic year comprises of two semesters. However, a BA course may even extend up to four years in some other countries or in case of some special degree courses like an Honours course. Essentially a student must study a minimum of five subjects in order to be considered an Arts graduate. A student of the Arts is allowed to choose subjects to major and minor in broad range of subjects; some examples are as follows:

• Economics
• Philosophy
• Political Science
• Literature
• Sociology
• Psychology
• History
• Anthropology
• Education
• Archaeology
• Religious Studies
• English
• French
• German
• Hindi
• Public Administration
• Sanskrit

With this wide a range of courses offered, the BA degree is perfectly suited for those candidates preferring to exploit their strength in a particular field and pursue it as a career. Students even have the option of pursuing and Honours in BA to gain extra insight into their subject of interest by spending an extra year studying the course. Needless to say, Honours students do appear to be the more preferential candidates in jobs.

Eligibility Criteria for the Course

The main eligibility criteria for any candidate preferring to opt for the BA course is a passing score in any High School Certification (HSC) examination (also called 10+2) from any recognized Education Board. Students may be from arts, commerce, or even science streams. Of course, selection of students depends on the percentage of marks obtained in the HSC examination. As a secondary condition of eligibility, some colleges conduct their own entrance exams. In this case, students must clear the minimum cut-off marks to be enrolled into the college or university.

Skill Set

If students want to opt for higher education in Arts and Humanities, it is imperative for them have certain skills so that they can become the best in their chosen subject. In fact, the learning difficulties and catchy quotients in school persuade students’ interest. One has to dwell for and understand his interests and difficulties, further relate them to disciplines and career. Here underneath are few skills needed to flourish in humanities and social sciences professions.

• English Communication Skills (Written and Verbal Proficiency over language)
• Skills of Presentation
• Mathematical Abilities
• Interpersonal Skills
• Inquisitive Openness for the New
• Mental Abilities
• Research Abilities
• Decision Making Skills

Alongside identifying the area of interest, nurturing the same with needed skills prepares the students for better future. Skills mark the difference of wavered and profession. As in arts and humanities, interaction and observation form a good portion of the job. Ability to understand, explain and presenting occupies the most of it. One needs to acquire command over language, develop interpersonal skills of engaging with others and quick grasp of the situations. Leading professions of CA, Management, Economics and others need good mathematical abilities too. Independent thinking, research ability, decision making and problem solving, makes the career grow smoother.

Colleges Offering the Course

The following list exemplifies the extent of colleges that offer the BA course:

• Presidency College, Kolkata
• St. Xavier’s College Mumbai
• Lady Shree Ram College for Women, Delhi
• Loyola College, Chennai
• St. Xavier’s College, Calcutta
• St. Stephen’s College, Delhi
• Fergusson College, Pune
• Presidency College, Chennai
• Hindu College, Delhi
• Hans Raj College, Delhi
• Christ College, Bangalore
• Symbiosis College, Pune
• Sophia College, Mumbai
• St. Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad
• Miranda House, Delhi
• Stella Maris College, Chennai
• St. Joseph’s College, Bangalore
• Jesus & Mary College, Delhi
• Mount Carmel College, Bangalore
• Queen Mary’s College, Chennai

A student is advised to go through the website of individual colleges to determine the minimum HSC examination marks criteria and entrance exam commitments for enrolling in that particular college.

Job Opportunities

Pursuing a course in Bachelor of Arts enable students to be eligible for a variety of jobs and build a suitable work profile for themselves. While those considering serious academic work in their respective field are free to pursue research, others preferring a routine job may even consider administrative options. Depending upon their discipline, students have an opportunity to be hired by the many sectors, some of which are exemplified below:

• Banks
• Educational Institutes
• Departments of Economic Development
• Law Firms
• Political Organizations
• Municipal Planning Organizations
• Field Research Firms
• Career in NGO
• Industrial Relation Officer
• Lecturer
• Liberal Arts
• Librarian
• Psychologist
• Research Assistant
• Social Worker
• Sociologist
• Teacher

Interested students may even find themselves in positions such as:

• Administrative Officer
• Business Administrator
• Public Opinion Analyst
• Policy Analyst
• Political Commentator
• Clinical Psychologist

The advantage afforded by the BA course to students is that it allows a freedom of academic interest, letting the student decide for itself which route it wants its career to take. On top of that, throughout the BA course, students are given opportunities to hone essential skills such as researching an issue, presenting an argument, analysing information, communication, etc. BA graduates have a multitude of options of choose from, once they graduate, ranging from more versatile post-graduate degree options to greater employability in whichever job they choose.

Major Humanities Exams in India

The courses offered in Humanities are Undergraduate, post graduate and PhD in humanities. The eligibility for the undergraduate program is to pass at least 12th grade from a recognized university. One must not be less than 17 years of age. The study requires dedication, hard work and focus. The entrance exams that are conducted to enroll in the college are:

• Delhi University entrance exam
• Calicut University entrance exam
• IASE university entrance exam
• National Institute of design and development entrance exam
• Chennai IIT entrance exam

HSEE (Humanities and Social Sciences Entrance Examination)

IIT Madras, a premier technical institution in the country, now offers a unique and innovative Five Year Integrated Masters Programme leading to M.A. degree in either of the three disciplines, viz. Development Studies, Economics and English Studies. With the launch of this programme, the IITM , is poised to cross a milestone in fulfilling its role in higher education in liberal arts and social sciences in the country.

Eligibility

1.Qualifying Examinations:

Candidates applying for HSEE should have either completed or are appearing in  any one of the following qualifying examinations (QE) :
The final examination of the 10+2 system, conducted by any recognized Central / State Board, such as Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi; Council for Indian School Certificate Examination, New Delhi; etc.
Intermediate or two-year Pre-University Examination conducted by a recognized Board / University.

Course conducted by Delhi University

Options Abroad

In the West, voluntary work has a different meaning and organizations like Greenpeace have made major impact on public policy. In India, that kind of activism is still a dream. So, another option for the social worker could be to go abroad. The academic qualification for professional social service in the US is the Baccalaureate degree in Social Work (BSW). There are more than 380 accredited BSW programmes available in the U.S. The Master of Social Welfare is a two-year programme. Further, one can do Doctor in Social Work (DSW) or Ph.D. in Social Work.

Some of the most common career options in Arts /Humanities stream are as:

• Sociology
• Counselor/Psychologists
• Political Research
• Linguistic Translators
• Anthropologists
• Historian
• Archeologists
• Home Science
• Foreign Languages
• Social Worker

Career in Sociology

Introduction

“The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. That is its task and its promise.”— C. Wright Mills

What do sociologists do?

Sociologists are social scientists who study groups of people. These groups range from small families to mobs and even whole nations. Sociologists analyze ethnic and religious groups and political and business organizations. They also focus on the behavior of group members and on the ways that groups interact with one another. Sociologists study specific groups with the ultimate goal of establishing general laws and theories that can explain human social behavior. Most of the sociologists teach and do research and also get employment with government departments. Sociologists generally specialize in one or more areas within a specific field of sociology like medical sociology, rural sociology etc. Some sociologists work for government agencies or private social service agencies and may provide counseling services or do community planning. They also deal with welfare and rehabilitation. They also work in public health and also find employment with organizations.

Courses & Eligibility

BA Sociology (eligibility is 10+2 in any stream)
MA Sociology
M Phil
PhD Sociology

Where to Study

• University of Delhi
• Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
• Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP
• University of Hyderabad
• Banasthali Vidyapeeth, Jaipur Rajasthan
• Jadavpur University, Kolkata
• Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
• University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
• University of Mumbai
• Dayalbagh Educational Institute(Deemed University), Agra
• Loyola College Chennai
• Barakatullah University

# Many more universities offer Sociology as a subject in Graduation and Post-Graduation.

Career Prospects

Career opportunities are plenty for sociologists. In recent times, sociology has been included in curriculum of many professional courses and there is an increased demand for teachers and researchers. Sociologists also find employment in government and NGO’s in social welfare and rehabilitation programs. Sociology being a broad social science opens up many other career avenues like management, politics etc. It is also a good stepping stone for many international careers. One can work with international agencies like UNO etc and also in research agencies.

There are opportunities in health care, community policing, adoption, environmental protection and culture. Apart from that, activities in NGOs have become so professional that they require specialized employees for their administration including MBAs, media experts, accountants and researchers. A casual search on Google may lead you to diverse requirements in NGOs. For example Concern India Foundation, an Indian NGO, had advertised the following job vacancies:

Branch Manager – Applicants should have 5 years experience in Sales /Marketing in any Service Industry/Corporate House/NGO.

Head- Resources – Applicant must have above 3 years of experience in raising funds for a Charitable Organization and preferably any other sort of Sales/Marketing experience in a Service Industry/ Corporate House.

Manager- Projects – Applicants should have MSW Degree 5 years of experience in the Social Sector.

Other vacancies include, Communication Officer – Media in Bangkok for FORUM-ASIA, Project Consultant in South Africa for Public Services International, and Grants Manager in New York for Doctors of the World.

Famous Personalities

While Max Weber, Emile Durkheim, C Wright Mills are some of the famous international sociologists; G S Ghurye and Mysore Srinivas are famous sociologists in India. G S Ghurye established the Indian Sociological Society and he is the author of 30 books in sociology. Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas established sociology department at the Delhi School of Economics and founded the Institute of Social and Economic Change at Bangalore.

Career as a Counselor/ psychologist

“Words are the physicians of a mind diseased.”— Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound

This quote pretty well sums up what a counselor does – helps other people by listening to their words and of course by guiding them.              

What do counselors do?

Counselors are professionals who help people to explore their feelings and emotions and work towards their life situations, mental health and career issues. They listen attentively and help the clients define their problems. Basically the clients reflect on what is happening to them and then help them find alternative ways of doing things. Counselors provide a confidential setting for the clients and empathize with them. He/she helps the client express their feelings and perhaps understand themselves from a different perspective. Their objective is to reduce the confusion and enable them to cope with challenges or to make positive changes in their life where necessary. Generally counselors do not give advice, but help clients to make their own choices but many may advices on any further investigations or therapies needed. There is also no clear distinction between the terms counseling and psychotherapy, and both can encompass a range of talking therapies. Counselors usually specialize and work in particular fields like student guidance, relationship guidance, addiction, sexual abuse or health.

Courses & Eligibility

To become a counselor there are many routes and they depend on what specialisation one wishes to take; for eg: one can do diploma in Gerentological counseling and work with elderly people or study child psychology and become school counselor. Some of the available courses are:

Graduation in psychology 10+2 students is eligible.

For MA in psychology, psychology graduates are eligible.

Post graduate Diploma in psychological counseling, Diploma in Gerentological counseling, Guidance and counseling, for these courses graduates from any discipline are eligible.

Post graduates in psychology can pursue Diploma program in Vocational Rehabilitation and Counseling and PG Diploma course in Rehabilitation Psychology.

Postgraduates in psychology are also eligible for PG Diploma in Counseling and Post Graduate Diploma in psychotherapy and counseling.

Course Fee

Diploma course in counseling would cost around Rs.8, 000 to 12,000 depending on the college and course.

Where to Study

Universities/colleges offering courses on counseling:

1. Delhi University
2. NCERT runs programmes in New Delhi, Ajmer, Bhopal, Bhubaneshwar and Mysore
3. Punjab University, Chandigarh.
4. University of Mumbai
5. Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka
6. Government Home science college, Chandigarh
7. University of Baroda, Gujarat.
8. Himachal University, Shimla.
9. SNDT women’s university, Mumbai
10. Annamalai University, Tamilnadu.
11. University of Madras.
12. Indira Gandhi National Open University (certificate in guidance)

Pay and Remuneration

The initial pay for a counselor would be around Rs.1.4 lakhs to 1.8 lakhs per year. On gaining more experience the pay scale rises up to Rs.4 lakhs a year. Still more experienced counselors are given a much higher pay and if one has established counseling practice then the remuneration can be much higher also.

Career as a Political Research     

What is political research?

Political research as a career option involves carrying out extensive research and providing useful information for members of parliament, political parties or research institutions. It involves presenting a wide range of information on political, economic and social issues, after accumulating it from various sources and giving it an in-depth analysis. 

What do political researchers do?

Political researches maintain two way flow of information, they remain up to date with information which may be useful for employers and also pass on information to media and other concerned people as per directions from the employers. They carry out research in media, past campaigns and other related subjects affecting the employer or the constituency. Answer the queries form various people and do public relations work. they write detailed reports and present them. They keep the employers updated about political issues and write speeches and press releases. They also draft speeches and handle publicity and the media.

Courses & Eligibility

There is no strict requirement to become a political researcher but post-graduates in Political Science or Sociology are preferred. Also, one must be comfortable with statistics and be good in language. Many students form public relations, business management, and international relations courses also enter this field.

Where to Study

• Delhi College of Arts and Commerce, New Delhi
• JNU, New Delhi Offers MA in Politics
• Xavier’s College in Mumbai and Kolkata
• Fergusson College, Pune
• Lady Shri Ram College for Women, New Delhi
• Loyola College, Chennai
• Bhavan’s College, Mumbai
• College of Arts, Thiruvananthapuram
• Presidency College, Kolkata
• Hans Raj College, New Delhi
• Madras Christian College, Chennai
• Ramjas College, New Delhi
• Stephen’s College, New Delhi

Pay and Remuneration

Political researchers working with MPS and MLA’s and political parties and various media and publications earn quite well.

Career Prospects

Political Researchers can find employment with MPs, MLAs, Political parties, Newspapers and Electronic media, Government agencies and NGO’s. Especially during election time their services are needed by media groups for analysis and reports etc. Teaching in universities is another good option.

Career as Linguistic Translators

“Language shapes the way we think, and determines what we can think about.”— Benjamin Lee Whorf, American Linguist
noted for his hypotheses regarding the relation of language to thinking and cognition.                  

What is Linguistics?

Linguistics is the scientific study of languages. Linguistics deals with the structure and development of particular language and its relationship to other languages. It is the study not of one particular language but of human language in general. There are mainly two broad divisions of linguistics: theoretical linguistics and applied linguistics.

While theoretical linguistics is divided into many separate areas like: Phonetics, the study of different sounds that are employed across all human languages; Phonology, the study of patterns of a language’s basic sounds; Morphology, the study of the internal structure of words; Syntax, the study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences; Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, and how these words combine to form grammatical sentences; Stylistics, the study of style in languages; Pragmatics, the study of how utterances are used (figuratively, literally or otherwise) in communicative acts.

Applied linguistics covers the area of language teaching and the areas of speech synthesis, speech recognition and speech/language pathology as well. Thus, one can use linguistics to provide voice interface for computers, voice recognition etc.                                                                   

Who is a Linguist?

A Linguist is someone who studies and works with language, or specific languages. Sometimes they combine words from many languages to form a new language which people from many countries can follow. For example: Esperanto is a language made from combining the words from different European languages.

Sometimes, linguists work with computer specialists to create voice interfaces with computers, and look for ways to make computers respond to voice commands.

Sometimes, they learn many languages and teach others.

Psycholinguists undertake psychological study of language learning.

Bio-linguists study anatomical and physiological foundations of the spoken language, Including development of the language.

Neuro-linguists study brain functioning involved in comprehension, abstract thinking and language production.

Socio-linguists study mans’ role in relation to languages, i.e, the correlation between social groups based on language, linguistic customs etc. It also covers linguistic aspects of small group interaction, conformity, structural hierarchy etc.

Ethno-linguistics focuses on the study of mans’ customs as shown by language. It is used for film making, copy-writing, therapy of the speech handicapped.

                               Basically, linguists are a specialist in language and usually employ the language skills to earn money. There are formal courses, degrees and diplomas which recognized universities offer to budding linguists. Most of the linguists work as translators, as content creators for education industry, or language specialists with multinational companies, government’s foreign office, embassies etc.

Courses & Eligibility

One can begin in school itself where many progressive schools offer courses in foreign languages. One can take up Class XII with humanities and later do Graduation and Post graduation in linguistics.

Graduates from any stream can sit for entrance and pursue post gradution in linguistics. Almost all Central Universities in India offer research programme (M.Phil/Ph.D) in linguistics and most of them offer master’s programme in linguistics as well.

• A.(Hons.), M.A. in Linguistics, Certificate in Linguistics, P.G. Diploma in Linguistics
• Post M.A., Diploma in Linguistics, Advanced Diploma in Applied Linguistics

Eligibility

• Certificate course Foreign Language: 10+2
• Diploma course: 10+2 and certificate in the language.
• Degree course: 10+2, Most of the reputed institutes and universities take their own entrance exam.

Where to Study

• University of Delhi: Advanced diploma in Applied Linguistics.
• Jawaharlal Nehru University (New Delhi) M.A. in Linguistics
• Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages, Hyderabad: M.A. in Linguistics
• Aligarh Muslim University (UP) B.A.(Hons.), M.A. in Linguistics, Certificate in Linguistics, P.G. Diploma in Linguistics
• Max Mueller Bhawan, courses in German Language
• Indian institute of foreign trade,New Delhi: Certificate courses in Chinese, Spanish and Portugese languages.
• Indian institute of Korean language and culture, Vikas Marg New Delhi
• Inlingua international school of languages, South Extension-I, New Delhi: Offers courses in German, Spanish and French at beginners level.
• Institute for career studies New Delhi YMCA, 1, Jai Singh Road , Offers vocational courses in French, German and Spanish languages
• Institute of Russian language, Russian Centre of Science & Culture, 24, Ferozeshah Road , New Delhi
• 10-month certificate course for beginners and 10-month Diploma, Advanced Diploma and Post Advanced Diploma course for Advanced students in Russian Language.
• Japanese embassy, Delhi Offers courses in Japanese language

Many universities have department of languages like:

• Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi www.jnu.ac.in
• Bharatiar University, Coimbatore
• Calcutta University
• MS University, Baroda
• Pune University
• Annamalai University
• University of Delhi
• Aligarh Muslim University (UP)
• Ravishankar Shukla Unviersity, Raipur (C.G) Certificate course in Translation
• Swani Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded Certificate course in Translation
• University of Pune., Certificate and Diploma course in Translation Ganeshkhind, Pune
• Visva –Bharati University Santiniketan , M.A. in Functional Hindi (Translation ) West Bengal, India
• University of Hyderabad. Post Graduate Diploma in Translation Studies(PGDTS)

Pay & Remuneration

Generally, pay varies with the area of work. MNC’s employ linguists and pay handsomely, while a language teacher may not earn that well. Linguists earn well in film industry also. Beginners in publishing industry earn around Rs 2.4 lakhs a year reach higher pay scales with experience.

Career Prospects

Qualifications in linguistics can take one to many careers. To mention a few like education, publishing, media, social services, communication, computer languages, voice analysis research, communicative disorders and other language related fields.

Linguists find employment in many industries and applied linguistics is fast emerging as a lucrative career option. Teaching is one of the many options which one can explore after studies in linguistics. There are many openings in schools and institutes of higher education. They get extensively employed with publishing industry and electronic publishing also. Linguists get involved in speech and language therapy with specialists. Government sector is also one of the big employers. Various embassies and high commissions employ translators. Business process outsourcing industry is offering huge employment in form of trainers and content.

Famous Personalities

Noam Chomsky, famous linguist and author of over 100 books, Chomsky has been described as the “father of modern linguistics”.

Jim McCawley is perhaps best known within linguistics for his work in generative semantics. Outside academia he is noted for The Eater’s Guide to Chinese Characters, his guidebook to deciphering Chinese restaurant menus.

Östen Dahl is a Swedish linguist and professor best known for pioneering a marker-based approach to tense and aspect in linguistic typology.

Career in Anthropology

“Anthropology is the most humanistic of the sciences and the most scientific of the humanities.”— Alfred L. Kroeber.

What is anthropology?

Anthropology is thus a study of the history of the development of human beings.

Who is an anthropologist?

Anthropologists are essentially involved in research around development of mankind. As this is a very vast field, anthropologists are involved in various sub-fields depending upon their specialization like Socio-cultural Anthropology, Prehistoric Anthropology or Archaeology, Physical or Biological Anthropology, Linguistic Anthropology and Applied Anthropology.

Socio-cultural Anthropology deals with groups and community formation and development of cultures.

Prehistoric-Anthropology or Archaeology attempts to reconstruct history on the basis of relics like statues, bones, coins and other historical artifacts. Such discoveries help to reconstruct early history and social customs and traditions. Archaeologists also try to analyse social activity from such discoveries.

Physical or Biological Anthropology deals with physical or biological characteristics of the primate order, like, humans and the links with other primates like chimpanzees, gorillas and monkeys.

Applied Anthropology uses the information collected from other branches of anthropology and then uses this data in programmes like large scale initiatives for birth control, health treatment, reducing malnutrition, solving labour problems in industries, improving agricultural practices and helping in tribal rehabilitation.

Linguistic Anthropology deals with origin and construction of oral well as written languages.

Courses & Eligibility

One can opt for graduation in Anthropology 3 years and can also do post graduation and further higher studies in Anthropology. For a B Sc Anthropology you need to have science stream in class 12 and most of the colleges and universities offer B.Sc. Anthropology. Similarly, for a master’s degree in anthropology (M.Sc.), one needs to have completed the B.Sc. However, some universities also offer B.A and M.A in Anthropology. One can also go for M Phil and PhD in

Where to Study

•  Bangalore University (Bangalore)
• Berhampur University (Orissa)
• Dibrugarh University (Assam)
• Guwahati University (Assam)
• Kurukshetra University (Haryana)
• Manipur University (Manipur)
• North Eastern Hill University (Meghalaya)
• Pt.Ravishankar Shukla University Chhatisgarh)
• Pune University (Maharashtra)
• Sambalpur University (Orissa)
• Sri Venkateswara University (Andhra Pradesh)
• University of Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh)
• University of Calcutta (West Bengal)
• University of Delhi (Delhi)
• University of Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh)
• University of Mumbai (Maharashtra)
• University of Mysore (Karnataka)
• University of Rajashthan (Rajasthan)
• Utkal University (Orissa)
• Vidyasagar University (West Bengal)
• Visva Bharati University (West Bengal) 

Salary

They vary widely. Academicians and people working in industrial houses get paid well.

Career Prospects

Anthropologists are involved extensively with field work and research. There are various institutes which employ anthropologists most importantly the Anthropological Survey of India. Many anthropologists take teaching assignments in various universities which offer courses on anthropology. Field work often involves study of certain ethnic groups or ancient artefacts in remote locations for long periods. The field work is usually physically and mentally exhaustive and involves working in locations with low comfort levels. 

Academic institutions are the largest employers of anthropologists and one can teach and also do research. Government and non government institutions like Planning Commission and the Commission for Scheduled Castes, Tribes and Other Backward Classes, the WHO, UNESCO and UNICEF etc also hire anthropologists. They also find employment in large industries where they work in controlling labour problems.

Career as a Historian

“Stern accuracy in inquiring, bold imagination in describing, these are the cogs on which history soars or flutters and wobbles.”— Thomas Carlyle, Scottish philosopher, satirical writer, essayist, historian and teacher

The mystery in history brings out the detective in us; Have you ever wondered about becoming a historian?

The main job responsibility of historians is to study the recent as well as the distant past, conduct researches and retell the stories and events to the world. It really provides a lot of satisfaction when you present your discoveries to the world and let them know interesting facts about the past. These discoveries not only provide a deep insight into the events of the past, but they also help us to assess the future. If you are equipped with the skills needed to become a historian, you are ready to acquire the job positions of Archivist, Researcher, Data Historian, Author/ Writer, University Professor, Secondary Teacher, Curator or Publisher.

To the historians, history is an argument about what facts should or shouldn’t mean. Even when historians are able to piece together the basic story of what happened, they rarely agree about what an event means or what caused it. Historians argue about the past’s meaning and what it has to tell us in the present.

Courses and Eligibility

Though entry level job positions can be landed with a bachelor’s degree in history, a master’s or a doctoral degree is required to join at senior level positions. Even as a high school student aspiring to be a historian, you need to focus on subjects like social science and language. Before you decide to get enrolled at a college, it is essential to make sure that the institution is equipped with a topnotch history department. To become a college professor, candidates need to possess a Ph.D.

Where to Study

Almost all the universities at Central, State and Private level offer graduate and post graduate courses in History. Some of the top colleges offering it are:

1. Lady Shri Ram College for Women, Delhi
2. Loyola College, Chennai
3. Stephen’s College, Delhi
4. Xavier’s College, Mumbai
5. Xavier’s College, Kolkata
6. Presidency College, Kolkata
7. Fergusson College, Pune
8. Christ College, Bangalore
9. Stella Maris College, Chennai
10. Miranda House, Delhi

Pay and Remuneration

The salary of historians depends on the years of experience they carry and the organization they are working. While in teaching profession as a broad indication, an Assistant Professor may get anywhere between Rs. 15600 – Rs. 39100 and a Professor may get between Rs. 37400 – Rs. 67000.

Career Prospects

Most of the historians take up academis and teching careers. But this subject leads to many good careers in the fileds like Archaeology, Conservation and Research, Art History, Heritage Management, Film and TV Industry (Where they work on projects like documentries and period films). Historians work at museums, libraries, government agencies, drug companies, military and other organizations where historical data is required for functioning and making decisions. With relevant experience and expertise, one can also choose to become a writer or an author and establish your expertise in the field.

Career as Archaeologist

“Archaeology is the sandbox of men who care not where they are going; they merely want to know where everyone else has been.”— Jim Bishop

Archaeology is the study of human activity in the past, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes (the archaeological record). Because archaeology employs a wide range of different procedures, it can be considered to be both a science and an art. 

Archaeology is a career for people who love reading, observing and exploring. The work involves carefully excavating the things, cleaning them, preserving them and studying them. Some of the exciting discoveries have been made by archaeologists. To do so they usually travel to sites and stay for quite a long period of time. 

Some different archaeological sciences are as follows: Archaeometry, Dendrochronology, Isotope analysis, Palynology, Radiocarbon dating, Zooarchaeology, Geoarchaeology, Bioarchaeology, Archaeogenetics and Computational Archaeology. The nature of work thus involves a lot of scientific work.

Courses & Eligibility

Bachelor in Archaeology: Science background preferred for B Sc Archaeology.

Master’s in Archaeology: Eligibility is bachelor’s degree in Archaeology, History, Anthropology, Sociology, Geology, Physics, Chemistry, Botany or zoology.

Post Graduate Diploma in Archaeology (PGDA), a course in two years is offered by the Archaeological Survey of India, Institute of Archaeology, 24-Tilak Marg, New Delhi. Those who have completed an M.A. in Ancient/Medieval Indian History or an M.A./M.Sc in Archaeology with 55% marks are eligible for the course. (50% for SC/ST/OBC). Applications are invited in June and the academic session starts in October.

Then there are two special programmes in Archaeology are offered by the Delhi Institute of Heritage Research and Management, 18-A, Satsang Vihar, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi. The courses are called:

• Master in Conservation, Preservation and Heritage Management, and
• Master in Archaeology and Heritage Management

These courses duration is two years. The courses begin in July. Those who have a Bachelor’s degree in Archaeology, History, Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Zoology, Museology, Geology, Anthropology/B.E, B.Arch, B.Town Planning are eligible for this course. The candidates are admitted after passing a competitive written test.

Where to Study

Archaeology is offered at the Bachelor’s level by some colleges and universities. Some of them are as follows.

• Under Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam: U.C. College, Aluva; Assumption College, Chandganacherry; St. Thomas College, Pala.
• Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
• S. University Baroda
• Barakatulla Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Bhopal
• Marathwada University, Aurangabad

A lot of institutes offer archaeology at the master’s level. Some of them are as follows:

• Archaeological Survey of India, Institute of Archaeology, New Delhi
• Delhi Institute of Heritage Research and Management, Delhi
• Allahabad University, Allahabad
• Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam
• AP Singh University, Rewa
• Bangalore University, Bangalore
• BHU, Varanasi
• Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur
• Deccan College of Post Graduate and Research Institute, Yervada, Pune
• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur
• Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar
• B.S.Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad
• Gujarat University, Ahmedabad
• HN Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar
• Kurushetra University, Kurukshetra
• Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri
• MS University of Baroda, Vadodara
• Nagpur University, Nagpur
• North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon
• Osmania University, Hyderabad
• Patna University, Patna
• Punjab University, Chandigarh
• Purvanchal University, Jaunpur
• Rani Durgavati Vishva Vidyalaya, Jabalpur
• University of Calcutta, Calcutta
• University of Madras, Chennai
• University of Mysore, Nagarjuna Nagar
• University of Pune, Pune
• Visva Bharati, Santiniketan

Pay & Remuneration

The basic pay scale of an assistant archaeologist employed with the Archaeological Survey of India is Rs 1.2 lakhs to 1.5 lakhs per year. Assistant professor teaching in a university earns Rs 2 lakhs to 4.8 lakhs as basic pay per year. 

Career Prospects

One can find placement with Archaeological Survey of India and with state Archaeological departments. The selections are through State Public Service Commission examinations and Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) examinations. The National Museum in New Delhi, the State Museums and the National Trust for Art and Culture Heritage also employ archaeologists. Teaching in various colleges and universities is another good option.

A Day In Life

Archaeologists lead an exciting life when they are out excavating. A field archaeologist’s day would involve getting up early and reaching the site walking or hiking as the case may be. Then he maps the area on a graph paper using measuring tape and compass, records every structure that he finds and makes artifacts collection along the way. The day ends with getting back through the trail and settling down in the residential area, sometimes a temporary one. The work continues in the night where one writes report on the findings and recommendations.

Career in Home Science

Introduction

What is home science?

Home science is the science of a home and it includes all the things that concern the person, home, family members and resources. It is the education for “better living” and the core of this education is the family ecosystem. It also deals with reciprocal relations between the family and its natural and man-made environments. It aims at getting maximum satisfaction for the person and their family members through the efficient and scientific use of your resources. It gives the person all the knowledge of the scientific procedures involved in making a home beautiful. Home science integrates the application of various sciences and humanities to improve human environment, family nutrition, management of resources and child development.

Home science in school?

Home science is offered as a subject in class 11th and 12th in CBSE and other boards. It covers mainly three areas that are Food and Nutrition, Human Development and Family Resource Management.

Home science in college?

It is offered as a bachelor degree of 3 years. Both BA and B Sc in Home science are available. Apart from the core subjects Development Communication & Extension, Fabric & Apparel Science, Food & Nutrition, Human Development and Resource Management, one would study Entrepreneurship, Family Life education, microbiology, personality development, Food preservation, Fashion Designing etc. After the UG course one can go for PG in Home science and opt for specialization or can opt for other PG courses.

Courses after Home Science?

Home science as a field of study is application oriented and prepares one for many professions. After completing graduation in Home science one can go for courses like Masters in Home science, Fashion Designing, Dietetics, Counselling, B Ed, Social Work, development studies, entrepreneurship, Mass Communication, Catering Technology etc.

Courses & Eligibility

• Sc. Home Science It is a professional course of three years duration. B.Sc course covers the various fields of science like nutrition, health and growth measurements. It also involves various scientific problems that deal in the surroundings and in the environment. B.Sc home science offers many specializations and accordingly one can choose higher education option or find employment. Some of the specializations are nutrition, clothing, family relations, home management, child development, etc.
  Eligibility: 10+2 students with science are eligible.
• A in Home Science is an undergraduate degree of three years duration that is offered by various universities in India. The course basically focuses on managing various resources efficiently. It also involves the science of developing one’s home life, family life and intellectual thinking ability. A wide range of career opportunities are available for these graduates in industries such as Apparel Merchandising, cafeterias, welfare organizations, etc.
  Eligibility:10+2 students of any stream are eligible.
• G. Diploma in Home Science
  Eligibility: Graduate from a recognized University
• Diploma in Home Science
  Eligibility: Graduate from a recognized university
• Sc in Home Science
  Eligibility: B.Sc in Home science or any other equivalent degree from a recognized university.
• D in Home Science
  Eligibility: M.Sc in Home Science or any other equivalent masters degree from a recognized university.
• Home Science is offered as a course in Women’s Polytechnic and in Agriculture Universities and is also offered in combination with B Ed.

Entrance Exams:

• Admission to Agricultural University Home Science courses is through Entrance Examination; eligibility is for girls after plus two with Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
• Eligibility for MA / MSc Home Science is BA / BSc Home Science. Admission is through merit / entrance test.
• Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Pusa, New Delhi, conducts an all India Entrance Examination for admission to undergraduate courses in agriculture and allied sciences including B.H.Sc for filling up 15% of the total number of seats in State Agricultural Universities, Central Agricultural University, Imphal and 100% of the seats in National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal.

Where to Study

Home Science is being offered by over 150 institutions of higher learning through private colleges as well as universities. Some of the institutes of repute are:

• University of Delhi
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons & General, M. Sc. (Home Science)
• University of Bombay
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science)
• Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B. H. Sc., M. Sc. (Home Sci.), Ph. D. Home Science
• Assam Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B. H. Sc., M. Sc. (Home Sci.)
• Allahabad Agricultural Institute
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University
  Courses offered: Diploma in Home Science, BSc Home Science (Hons)
• Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• Marathwada Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science)
• Punjab Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science)
• Rajendra Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• Rajasthan Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science) Hons, M. Sc. (Home Science), Ph.D.
• Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
  Courses offered: B.Sc. (Home Science)
• University of Calcutta
  Courses offered: Diploma in Home Sc., B.Sc. (Hons) food and Nutrition, B.Sc. (Hons) Human Dev.
• Government Home Science College (Affiliated to Punjab University, Chandigarh)
  Courses offered: B.Sc. Home Science (3 Years), M.Sc. Home Science (2 Years)

Pay and Remuneration

The candidates with Home Science background can get a starting salary of Rs 1 – 1.2 lakh a year as a trainee and after having experience in a particular area say Nutrition & Dietetics can get a salary which can be more than Rs 2 lakhs a year. Those who have interests in research, teaching, catering jobs etc. can get handsome salary. The salary of a Food Technologist in a food services department or industry etc is relatively more. Consultant dieticians can also earn enough money depending on their practice.

Career Prospects

Home science graduates usually find employment in Teaching, Research, Institutional Management, Extension and Social Welfare, Business and Industrial Concerns, Communication and Self Employment.

Graduates of Home Science can work

1. In textiles area and as Merchandiser or Designer
2. As Nutritionist and Dietitian in Hospitals and Food Sector
3. In hotel Industry in F&B or in House Keeping at tourist resorts, hotels, catering facilities, restaurants.
4. Institutional catering is a major area, which involves taking care of nutrition and diet at schools, colleges, factories, clubs, and military canteens and so on. One can work with food product manufacturers or in food product development.
5. Resource management is an evolving field, which spans family finance and consumer studies, housing and space design, ergonomics in design development, interior design and decoration, entrepreneurship and institutional management.
6. In social Work and Human Development
7. As family counselors
8. In teaching profession
9. As entrepreneurs in the field of textiles, food, baking and confectionary
10. As researcher

Home Science is both science and an art related to modern house-keeping. Home Science has been defined as a field of study built upon many disciplines for the purpose of achieving and maintaining the welfare and well being of home and family life in an ever changing society. The subjects that come under the study of Home Science include Chemistry, Physics, Physiology, Biology, Hygiene, Economics, Rural Development, Child Development, Sociology and family relations, community living art, food, nutrition, clothing and textiles and home management.

EMPLOYMENT AVENUES:

People qualified in Home Science have options to enter production jobs such as dress making, food preservation, specialized cooking, technical jobs such as Research Assistants, Food Analysis, Food Scientist etc. They can also take up teaching jobs. B.Sc. Home Science is a recognized qualification for a pre-primary and primary school teacher. Home Science post graduates also take up teaching assignments in Senior Secondary Schools and Home Science Colleges.

Career in Foreign Languages

Language skills can prove to be an important attribute in many professions. A career in foreign language has always been an attractive proposition, especially for those who have a flair for languages. The opportunities are starting from tour operators to interpretor and translators. While interpreters are concerned with interpreting the spoken statements from one language to another, translators have more to do with translating the written documents from one language to another.

With the globalisation of Indian economy, multinationals coming to India and more and more companies going for joint ventures abroad, have opened up job scenario for those proficient in foreign languages. Academic qualifications in foreign languages helps in pursuing careers in the areas of tourism, entertainment, public relations and mass communication, international organisations, embassies, diplomatic service, publishing, interpretation and translation etc.

The world community today has become a global village. Nations are interacting with each other like never before for different reasons, be it political, economics, diplomatic or peace missions. Since there is no universal ‘lingua franca’. In the global community, the job of an interpreter is much in demand. Learning foreign language certainly opens up avenues for career in this field. A qualified person well versed with more than two Indian-Foreign languages can work either as a teacher, translator, interpreter or foreign correspondent. He may also be absorbed in travel and tourism industries, foreign embassies, airlines, shipping companies or in the electronic media.

Is Studying Languages a Wise Career Option?

In the recent past, language institutes in India have sprung-up at an unbelievable pace, in the metropolitan centres and smaller towns. This is largely due to the fact that the global demand for Indian professionals qualified in foreign languages has seen an unprecedented spurt. Language is one of best means communication available to an individual. Almost every organization requires a person with good communications skills.

Knowing more than one language means more opportunities. Apart from professional qualification, if you are expert in any of the foreign languages like, English, French, Spanish, Persian, Japanese, Arabic, Russian, Turkish, than you stand a great chance to land in your dream job. There are number of public sector and private sector organizations that are looking for translators. The best thing about learning multiple foreign languages is that you can work in different countries.

Another good thing in pursuing language courses in India is that, they are mostly short-term and does not need formal educational qualification. However, if someone wants to pursue degree course in any foreign language, than s/ he should have appropriate educational qualification. Students searching for the best foreign language institutes in India should verify the overall credibility of the institution in terms of its market recognition and the past record in terms of helping students find employment (recruitment assistance). There are a number of institutes and universities offering both short-term and long-term courses in foreign languages. Options in language courses range from certificate to PhD levels

Nature of Work

Though the fact is that opportunities for regular employment are far and few and are mostly in metropolitan cities, but on attaining professional qualification in foreign languages, one can work in the following areas.

TEACHING: The most common of all the available career options in foreign language is teaching. Teaching of foreign language is just like teaching any other language. For newcomers, it is advisable to start with teaching. As a teacher, a person gets enough opportunities to enhance his skills. As far as teaching jobs are concerned, many institutions are offering courses in foreign languages and so jobs exists at all levels. Those reluctant to engage themselves in a full-time profession can take private tuition as well.

INTERPRETERS AND TRANSLATORS: Interpreters and translators both need to have a good command over two or more languages. Interpreters job relates to interpreting spoken words of one language into another, therefore needs to have not only good command over the language but having excellent verbal communication skills also becomes important.

The job of an interpreter can be of different types. Sometimes they are engaged in simultaneous interpretation, which is used for meetings, conferences, speeches etc. Here the interpreters sits in a sound proof room and listens to speeches and almost spontaneously interprets it in the target language into a microphone. The other types of interpretings are consecutive interpreting and liason interpreting. Consecutive interpreting goes on during formal speeches where the speaker halts for a while when the interpreter interprets the spoken statements to the audience. Liason interpreting is to facilitate conversation between two people knowing different languages.

Translation work can be related to a variety of fields like technical, scientific literary or business.

FREELANCING: Often, after pursuing courses in foreign languages, people like to work as freelancers. These people get work in translation bureaus, research organisations, international organisations like UNO, FAO, foreign companies, Reserve Bank of India, publishing houses etc. Expertise in foreign language coupled with other additional qualifications in areas like management, tourism, hospitality industry, airlines can be even fruitful and better the chances for employment opportunities.

Personality

Linguistic ability is nurtured from an early stage and improves with its regular and correct usage, therefore important to practice it regularly. Learning languages can be exhaustive as at times it takes long before one gets acquainted with it. So it is important to be patient and diligent. For language specialists, it is imperative to have good verbal aptitude and interest in those areas where they get to work as a language specialist. Linguists works with a variety of people and under various settings hence need to have adaptability and a pleasant demeanour. They should also be able to handle work pressure and withstand strain as sometimes working hours may be prolonged.

Professional Courses

Foreign language courses can be studied after 10+2 as a 3 years graduate course or even as 5 years integrated language course in the universities offering such courses. Some universities even offer diploma/certificate courses for graduates and post graduates. The other option is to pursue these courses at the institutes run by embassies and counsulates. These institutes offer both basic and advanced level courses, some of them extending upto 5-6 years.

Career Prospects

International organisations and embassies employ language specialists for secretatial, executive and public relation assignments as well as for translations and interpretations jobs. Translators are also found to be employed with industries, publishing houses, government and research organisations. Other job opportunities for language specialist lie with the travel and tourism sector, hotel industry, exhibitions and fairs, airlines offices, export agencies, radio stations and trade organisations. Teaching can also be given a thought. For pursuing a career in teaching, a teacher should be a graduate in that foreign language and must have a teaching degree.

INSTITUTIONS:

1. School of Languages, JNU, New Delhi-67.
2. Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages (CIEFL), Hyderabad.
3. Bharatiya Bidya Bhavan, Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delh-1.
4. Max Muller Bhavan at Mumbai, Bangalore, Calcutta, Madras, Hyderabad and Delhi (for German).
5. Alliance Francaise Centres at Calcutta, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Goa, New Delhi, Pure, Hyderabad (for French)
6. Italian Consulate at Mumbai (for Italian).
7. Indo-Japanese Association Mumbai (for Japanese).

Career as a Social Worker

Introduction

“Dare to reach out your hand into the darkness, to pull another hand into the light”- Norman B. Rice

This is a famous quote intended to bring in a reform into our society and ideally applicable for social workers with a die-hard motive.

A social worker is a person who works for the society with his heart and mind. The role of a social worker is highly respected in our society. Social workers are usually the commoners who have a will and determination to confront the managing authorities for any kind of social injustice happening in the society. They bring about social change and work towards betterment of human lives.

Social workers strive for betterment of the society and empowering people to help themselves. Social work professionals bring the organizations and the needy users at one platform. One can choose from various specializations, like medical, human resource management and community development. According to one’s specialization, one works with rehabilitation centers, hospitals, or in community development. Social work professionals work with corporate either in their HR departments or with social responsibility departments. They basically help in providing service to different sections of society.

Some professionals are also involved in research. They work with various sections of society like people with disabilities or elderly and the research data helps in better policy formulation or better implementation. They work in both government and non government agencies.

Courses and Eligibility

Some of the courses available in India are

• Bachelor in Social Work (B.S.W)/Bachelor of Arts Social work B.A (SW): Class XII pass students are eligible.
• S.W/M.A (SW): Any graduate student is eligible but preference given to social sciences graduates.
• Phil, Duration: Candidates with master graduation degree of M.S.W can apply.
• D., Eligibility: Candidates with M.S.W or M.Phil degree can apply.

Course Fees

Most of the educational institutions and universities have nominal fees. Institutional fee varies from Rs. 15,000 to Rs. 100,000 per year depending on the amenities and the extra-curricular activities provided in the professional colleges.

Some of the optional materials which might reduce the overall cost are:

• Indigenously scripted manuals either in the form of audio or video.
• Superior guidance available on requests.
• Miscellaneous activities which are optional.

Where to Study

1. University of Delhi, University Road, Delhi: BA and MA Social Work.
2. The Indian Institute of Social Welfare & Business Management (IISWBM) Management House, College Square West, Kolkata: MBA, MPSM.
3. Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai: BSW, MA SW, Masters Social Entrepreneurship.
4. Babasaheb Ambedkar Institute of Social Sciences Agra.
5. University of Rajasthan JLN Marg, Jaipur.
6. Jamia Millia University Jamia Nagar, New Delhi: BA and MA Social Work.
7. University of Mumbai M.G. Road, Fort, Mumbai, Bachelor and Masters in social Work.
8. University of Calcutta, Kolkata.
9. Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar.
10. Madras School of Social Work Offers MA in human resource management, M.Sc. counseling psychology, MA in NGO Management, MA in HR and organizational Development.

Pay and Remuneration

As most of the social sector jobs are in “not-for-profit” organizations, therefore salary packages are not very high. However, the joy of working for causes which are for the betterment of society is something that only Social Sector can provide.

For those joining the corporate sector in Human Resource departments, the pay can start from Rs.2 to Rs.5 Lakhs per Annum.

Career Prospects

Job prospects completely depend on the specialty and the stream chosen in this field.

Famous NGO’s such as WHO, UNICEF, UNESCO hire social workers from all over the world.

Government funded agencies in projects related to rural and urban development also have a lot of opportunities.

There is scope in family courts and counseling offices.

Employment opportunities are also there in corporate HR Departments.

Famous Personalities

Baba Amte: (Dr Murlidhar Devidas Amte) was an Indian social worker and social activist known particularly for his work for the rehabilitation and empowerment of poor people suffering from leprosy. He is the only non medical person who has got maximum medicine awards in the world.

Anna Hazare: (Kisan Baburao Hazare) is an Indian social activist who led movements to promote rural development, increase government transparency, and investigate and punish official corruption. Hazare follows Gandhian philosophy and conducts hunger strikes to further his causes.